Time expressions with reported speech sometimes when we change direct speech into reported speech we have to change time expressions too. If the reporting verb is in the past tense, we change the following. She asked me if i arrived had arrived before seven. In order for children to fully master the directindirectspeech chapter, they ought to practice rewriting direct speech as indirect speech as well, which is what they do in this pdf worksheet. Do tenses in a time clause never backshift in reported. Reported speech mixed exercise 2 when i used said you can also use told me 1. Phrase in direct speech, equivalent in reported speech. Pdf english tenses in indirect reported speech appear to behave in unusual ways. The previous example illustrates the problems any efl teacher might face when the three variables of time. Time and place must often change when going from direct to reported speech.
Here are 10 exercises to help you practice reported speech. Formal and informal english politeness or colloquial language future continuous tense. Direct reported here there this that these those now then today that day yesterday the previous day tomorrow the next day she said, we. Time and place references often have to change in reported speech.
Reported statements with expressions of time in english are one form of reported speech. Common sense, together with the time aspect from the speakers point of view, are more important than the rules when making the usual changes. Direct speech reported speech today that day yesterday the day before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next day, the following day the day after tomorrow in two days time next weekyear etc. Using reported speech in english can sometimes be difficult for nonnative speakers as we usually change the verbs, pronouns and specific times. Pdf time reference in reported speech researchgate.
Often, pronouns must be changed, as well as deictic expressions of time and place, such as now. English grammar reported speech 3 all those changes represent the distancing effect of the reported speech. We also change demonstratives and adverbs of time and place if they are no longer accurate. Students, at this point, are finetuning their communication skills to include expressing the ideas of others, as well as their own opinions.
Demonstrative pronouns, reported speech, future continuous. Reported speech or indirect speech is used to report something that someone said in the past. Reported speech reported questions english grammar pdf worksheet author. Teaching students reported or indirect speech can be complicated by the all the changes that are required when moving from direct speech into reported speech. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. In reported speech we need to use the past tense form of the verb. Time and place in reported speech grammar englishclub.
Lets look at the difference between direct speech and reported speech. Reported speech quiz for english learners focusing on changes in tense, pronoun and time expressions with explanations and corrections. In simple terms, the structure of reported speech is. Changing time and place references time and place can often change when going from direct to indirect speech. Changing time and place references english grammar ef. Direct and indirect speech in englishspeaking childrens retold. Students usually need to focus not only on the grammar involved, but also on production skills. Reported speech is used when you want to tell someone else what a person said before. Common sense, together with the time aspect from the speakers point of view, are more important than the rules when. He said that the children were playing outside then today that day. Pp 1 quoted and reported speech quoted speech direct speech what time is. Tense is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back. He said, let s wait for him one more time here she said to him, let s think if there is any alternative to this issue mark said, lets not waste our time here by.
Using reported speech the use of reported speech is especially important at higher english levels. As you can see, in the above sentence am changes to was when we use. Direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. Reported speech or indirect speech free english grammar. Reported speech tense shifting chart showing indirect speech to direct speech tense shift present simple to past simple, present continuous to past continuous, etc. Time refers to the actual time that something happens, such as today or now or 5 weeks ago. When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. Tense changes when using reported speech english grammar. This printable worksheet helps practice conversion of reported speech into direct speech. Divide the students into pairs a and b and give each student a corresponding. Browse other questions tagged presentperfect time reportedspeech or ask your own question. Reported speech in english, statements with expressions of time.
He told me a i was from poland wrong the pronoun is incorrect. In this engaging reported speech activity, students interview a partner and then report the questions and answers from the interview to a new partner. But, first of all, by the time you are here in reported speech, you must have known the exact definition of reported speech. When reporting something at a different time, the time word needs to be changed. How to teach reported speech to students thoughtco. The tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech. Direct and indirect speech when the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. These are the exact words frank said to you yesterday. Point out that in reported speech we report what someone has said. Luckily, my friend is a photographer so he hell take the photos for us. Learn all about reported speech or indirect speech.
Well be having the reception in my parents back garden. Show the pp1 slide on quoted and reported speech for additional examples. Practise reported speech clear explanations and lots of exercises. So, in summary, it is not true to say that tenses in time clauses never backshift in reported speech. Changes in time and place in reported speech 7 e s l. Tense is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back backshift. In john said that he was happy, the most likely interpretation is.
First off, students should understand that reported speech is quite useful in conversational english as relating what someone has said using quote and unquote is awkward at best. We do not use their exact words, so we do not use quotation marks. Esl reported speech activity reading, writing, listening and speaking low intermediate b1 30 minutes. Let s make indirect speech of following let sentences with examples and explanation. Reported speech 1 statements grammar intermediate to upper.
English esl reported speech worksheets most downloaded. Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. Convert the sentences below from direct to indirect speech reported speech statements. Time direct speech direct speech reported speech today that day tomorrow the next day could the following day now direct speechat that moment then t the present a the time present, current existing, current in one hour why dont you go to the one hour later ast week, last night the week,the night before next year, next month, etc. When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. Clearly, reporting speech is not an easy nut to crack. Reported speech statements with expressions of time. She said that she would have visited the hospital, if she had known i was sick. We use backshift when it is logical to use backshift. The key distinction of direct speech is that it purports to represent the speech actually produced by a reported speaker at a time distinct from the time of.
We sometimes change the tense of the reported clause by moving it back one tense. On the other hand, if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then usually we. If we report something around the same time, then we probably do not need to make any changes to time. Indirect speech also called reported speech is reported back not using the exact words as the original speaker. He said that he was coming the next day, and so on.
Rules for the change of adverbs in indirect speech. Wondering how to make indirect speech of sentences with let. It depends on how the reporter wishes to convey the current validity of what was said to him or her. This master page contains online reported speech exercises pdf with all tense forms, sentences types, mixed, advanced, easy, interactive, pdf download for all class students and levels. Future perfect simple and continuous progressive tense. He said that they would discuss it the matter the next day. They need to be changed according to the situation. Adverbs and adverbial phrases of time change as follows. Reported speech is also known as indirect speech and is used to tell somebody else what another person said.
Its time english grammar today cambridge dictionary. Keep reading to understand how to use reported speech and download this free english lesson. This worksheet is all about problem solving and critical thinking suitable for adults and teens. It depends on when we heard the direct speech and when we say the reported speech. The doctor said, your aunt doesnt need an operation. Finally, the optional complementizer that introduces the reporting. So, for example, if two minutes ago john said i am. Normally, the tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech. Change the time and place to indicate the actual time and place. But if first person pronoun is used both in reporting speech and reported speech, no pronoun is changed here. In indirect speech, you need to be careful with personal pronouns. Learn the changes of pronouns in reported speech in english with useful grammar rules and example sentences. It s a good classroom activity which can be done in groups of twos and threes, but mostly aimed at.
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